Balking ring clutch



4 Feb. 5, 1946. c. D. PETERSN ETAL 2,394,098

BALKING RING CLUTCH Pild Aug. 14, 1943 ATTORNEYS.

Patented F eb.Y 5, `1946 BALKING RING CLUTCH Carl D. Peterson and Albert H. Deimel,

Y Toledo,'0ho

Application August 14, 1943, serial No. 498,676

Claims.

'I'his invention relates to balking ring clutches, and has for its object a simple arrangement of the talking ring, a shiftable clutch dement, and

a support for the balking ring, which rotates with the shiftable clutch element,I and also a simple spring arrangement for spring loading the balking ring to press it in engagement with a friction surface, which rotates relatively to the balking ring,r when the clutch is disengaged.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing, in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional vieW,-part ly in elevation, of a balking ring clutch embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2, Figure 1.

Figures 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatic operation views showing the blocking and unblocking action of the balking ring.

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view showing the poppet and contiguous parts on an enlarged scale.

A balking ring clutch usually includes driving and driven structures adapted to be positively clutched, one of said structures having a set of clutch teeth and a friction face, the other structure including an axially shiftable clutch member adapted to mesh with said teeth, an'd a balking member or ring engaged with said friction surface and having blocking means and also limited rotation with respect to the other structure for positioning the blocking means in blocking relationship with respect to the shiftable member when said structures are rotating at relatively different speeds, and for disposing said blocking means out of said blocking relationship to permit clutching shift of said shiftable clutch member, when the speeds of said structures cross.

ThisV balking ring clutch includes a support for the balking ring and spring-pressed poppets carried by the support and coacting with cam surrecess on the inner cylindrical wall of which are provided splines, the outer end portions 4 of which constitute internal clutch' teeth. The frictionsurface of the driving structurels shown as provided on a separate ring 5,1ocated in the recess against the bottom thereof and having peripheral teeth 6 interlocked with the inner ends of the splines ofthe head 3. The friction surface 1 of the friction ring 5 is, in this embodiment of the invention, shown as conical. The driven structure includes a shaft 8 usually journalled at one end in a pilot bearing 9 in the driving structure I and an axially shiftable clutch member I0 slidably splined on the shaft 8, the clutch member having peripheral clutch teeth II which are shiftable into and out of interlocking engagement with the clutch teeth 4. The driven structure 2 also includes a balking ring support I2 splined on the shaft 8, so that it rotates with the shaft. It is, however, held from axial movement on the shaft, it being here shown as thrusting at one end at I3 againstthe bearing S, and at its other end against a lock ring I4.

I5 designates the balking ring, here shown as encircling the support I2 and having blocking internal teeth or projections I6, which extend into peripheral notches II in the support l2, the balking ring also having grooves I8 between the internal projectionsl into whicheXtend projections or lands I9 on the support I2. The projections I6 are of less width than the notches I1 and also the lands I9 are of less Width than the notches I8. This arrangement permits the limited rotation of the balking ring relatively to its support I2 or the driven structure including the shiftable clutch member Il). v

The shiftable clutch member IG is provided with peripheral shoulders or projections 20 on the hub thereof withspaces 2| between the projections 20. Thespaces between the projections 20 are of such width as to slidably t the internal teeth I6 of the balking ring.

In operation, when the speeds are different, the balking ring is dragged by the rotating driving structure, due to the friction at the friction face 'I into a position analogous to that shown in Figure 4, or a position wherein the internal blocking teeth I6 ofthe balking ring are out of alinement with the spaces 2| of the clutch section I0 and in position to coact with the projections 20 of the clutch member I0, as seen in Figure 4, and block shifting in of the clutch member IB. Then upon deceleration of the engine, in case of an 11p-shift, or acceleration, in case of a down-shift, the balking ring is drawn "gageable fvv'ith-y said "friction 'surface/Ya vblocking means'and Valirnited rotatie from the blocking position shown in Figure 4 to a position analogous to that shown in Figurev 3v with the exception that the projections I6 of the balking 'ring are at the entrance of the spaces 2l of the clutch member I0, so that upon continued shifting-in movement, the clutch member l moves into the position shown in Figure 5, wherein the spaces 2| receive the blocking teeth 'l5 ofthe balking ring. During this movement illustrated in Figure -5, the clutch teeth Il interlock with the clutch teeth 4.

In order thatthe balking ring may be moved into blocking position, as shown in Figure f4, immediately upon declutching of the clutch, the balking ring is spring loaded to press -it against the 4friction surface 'I of the ring 5 rotatable with the driving structure I. In this embodiment of the invention, the spring pressure is -provided by spring-pressed poppets or balls 22 located inradial sockets in the support I2 and pressed outwardly by springs `2? in the sockets. The balls coact with inclined cam ksurfaces 211 provided on the inner'ends of the projections or teeth/I6 on the balking ring, these inclinedsurfaces being like ends of notches 25 formed inthe teeth or projections I6. When shifting-in force is applied, and before the speedscros's, the parts are in the position shown in Figure 4, and the friction at the face 'l is in Vproportion to the shifting-in force applied `to the clutch member lil, so that the balking ring always remains fin the control'of the driving member 3, or there isY alwaysenough Afriction-at 'the face 'I to cause the balking ring to rock relatively to the driven structure rtoward unlocked positions, asthe speeds cross.

The balking ring is held 'assembled With the headfs by means 'of a lock ring 26 coacting With the Washer 2l interposed between'it and an annular face on the balking ring'. The washer 2l Vhas peripheral teeth WhichY are finterlocked with internal splines in the head f3. 1

What We claim is: -v Y V1. Ina balking ring clutch, driving and 'driven structures Aadapted to be positively clutched, one structure having a set ofclut'ch teethland a friction surface, the other structure including 'an `axially shiftable toothed clutch vmemb'er drivingjly carried by said other structure 'and adapted tonieshvvith said teeth of `said one structure, a

v balking member engageable with said friction lsurface and'having blocking means kand a limited rotation With'respec't to lsaid other -structureffor pos-itioning'the said blocking means in blocking Vrelationship with respect to the vsaidcluteh member, when said structures arer'otating at relativelydifferent speeds, and for disposing saidV 'blocking means out of saidfblockin'g'relationship topermit clutching shiftv of -said clutch member,

l'When-the speeds ofsaidstructures cross, -a'support`V forthe balking ring 'mounted'on andfXed to said other structure,`the ba1king member encircling its support, and springfmeans carried bythe'supportcoactingfwith'the balking member tothrust the balking-member into engagement with said friction surface. n

"2.v jIn -a 'balking ring clutch, driving 'and driven "structures adapted'to v`be positively clutched, one

- structure having a'set of clutch teethand a fric- 'tion surface, the other 'structure including 1an axially shiftable toothedlclutch member drivinglyqcjarried by said other 'structuresand adapted tomesh with said vteethya balking member enl- Vithjrespect to said other structure for positioning the said blocking means in blocking relationship with Vrespect to the said clutch member, when said structures are rotating at relatively different speeds, and forV disposing said blocking means out of said blocking relationship to permit clutching shift of said clutch member, when the speeds of said structures cross, a support for the balking ring mounted on and fixed to said other structure,v the balking member encircling its support, and spring means carried by the support coact- Ving with the balking member to thrust the balkf ing member into engagement with said friction surface, the balking member having inclined cam faces, the spring means being spring-pressed pop- .pets carried by the support and coacting with said cam/faces.

v3. In a balking ring clutch, driving and driven structures a-dapted to be positively clutched, one structure having a set of clutch teeth and a friction surface, the Vother structure including an Aaxially Ashiftable toothed clutch member drivingly 'carried' by the other structure and adapted to meshwith said teeth, a 'balking member engageable with said friction surface and having blocking means and a limited rotation with respect -to Y said other structure Vfor positioning the -said blocking means fin blocking relationship with respect to the said clutch member, When said structures are rotating at relatively diiferent speeds,

and-for disposing said blockingmeans out of said blocking relationship topermitfclutching shift of v'said clutch member, when the -speeds lof vsaid structurescross, a support for the balking ring mountedvon andxed'to said'other structure, the balking member encircling its support, and spring means carried by the support coacting with the balking member to thrust the ybalkingfmemloer into engagement with said friction surface, the support -being formed With peripheral notches and projecting lands between the notches, the balking ring being forme-d with internal `projections -extendingr-into the notches yand also With notches for receiving' said lan-ds, the notches ein both instances bei-ng wider than the vteeth on the balking ring and the lands Aon the support 4-for permitting the limited rotation of the `balking mesh withsaid teeth, Va balking vmemberengagee able With said- Vfrictionsurface and having 4blocking means and a limited rotation with respectY to said other-structure `for Vpositioning Ythey said blockingmeans YYin blocking relationship with jrespect to thesaid lclutch member, whensa-i'dstruc- Y tures-are rotating'atirelatively differenti-speeds,

and rfor disposingsaid blocking means out ,ofsaid blocking relationship to `permit lclutchingshiftzof having said clutch`member, -vvhen the speeds of said structures cross, ai support forvthe balking 'ring 75 notches-land-being of'less Width Ethan the same for permitting sai-d limited rotation, the projections constituting said blocking means, said clutch member having spaced apart projections and spaces between them, the spaces being of substantially the Width of the blocking projecf tions of the balking ring, and the projections of the balking ring being out of alinement with said spaces when the speeds are different and being brought into alinement therewith When the speeds cross.

5. In a balking ring clutch, driving and driven structures adapted to be positively clutched, `one structure having a set of clutch teeth and a friction surface, the other structure including an axially shiftable toothed clutch member drivingly carried by the other structure and adapted to mesh with said teeth, a balking member engageable with said friction surface and having blocking means and a limited rotation with respect to said other structure for` positioning the said blocking means in blocking relationship with respeci; to the said clutch member, when said structures are rotating at relatively different speeds, and for disposing said blocking means out of said blocking relationship to permit clutching shift of said clutch member, when the speeds of said structures cross, a support for the lbalking ring mounted on and fixed to said other structure,v

substantially the width of the blocking projections of the balking ring, and the projections of the balking ring being out of alinement with said spaces when` the speeds are different and being brought into alinement therewith when the speeds cross', the blocking projections of the balking ring having notches in their inner ends, like ends of the notches being formed inclined and radially-acting, spring-pressed poppets carried by the support and coacting with said inclined faces.

CARL D. PETERSON.

ALBERT H. DEIMEL. 

